History of the Order

by Sister Kathleen O'Neill
Mississippi Abbey, Dubuque, Iowa, USA
 

XXIII. Crusades, War,  Military Orders, Preaching against Heresies

Primary Sources

#Bernard of Clairvaux, Liber ad milites templi de laude novae militiae. PL 182, 921-940; SBO III, 205-239.

#ET: In Praise of the New Knighthood, tr Conrad Greenia OCSO, intro R J Zwi Werblowsky, in Bernard of Clairvaux: Treatises III, CF-19, 1977.

Secondary Sources

#fiche 47, "Citeaux and the Crusades"

#fiche 51, "Citeaux and the Religious Military Orders"

#fiches 66-67, "Citeaux and the Crusades"

Andrea, A. "Adam of Perseigne and the Fourth Crusade," Cîteaux 36 (1985) 21-37.

Benninghove, F. Der Orden der Schwertbrüder: Fratres Milicie Christi de Livonia. Köln-Graz, Böhlau, 1965. Rvw EM Citeaux 22.3-4 (1971) 345-7. This order founded ca 1200 by Cistercian monk Theoderich von Treiden, & disappeared from history ca 1240.

#Brundage, James A. "A Transformed Angel (X.3.31.18): The Problem of the Crusading Monk" in SMCH I, 55-62.

Bulst-Thiele, M I. Sacrae Domus Militiae Templi Hierosolymitani Magistri: Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des Templer-Ordens 1118/19-1314. Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1974. 416 pp. Rvw Citeaux 33 (1982) 232-3.

#Constable, Giles, "A Report of a Lost Sermon by St Bernard on the Failure of the Second Crusade,: SMCH I, 49-54.

#Dimier, A. «La croisade de Pastoureaux (1251), Citeaux 23.2 (1972) 223-5.

Fleckenstein, J & M Hellman, edd. Die geistliche Ritterorden Europas. Sigmaringen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1980. Rvw EM, Citeaux 38 (1987) 362-3.

#Flood, Bernard. "St Bernard's View of Crusade," CSQ 9 (1974) 22-35.

#Gutton, F. "La chevalerie militaire en Espagne," Citeaux 31 (1980) 251-65.

Jotischky, Andrew. The Perfection of Solitude: Hermits and Monks in the Crusader States. University Park PA, Penn State UP, 1995. Rvw CSQ 33.1 (1998) 96.

#Kienzle, Beverly Mayne. Cistercians, Heresy and Crusade in Occitania, 1145-1229. (U of) York Medieval Pres, 2001.

Leclercq, J. «L’encyclique de saint Bernard en faveur de la croisade,» Revue Bénédictine 81 (1971) 282-308.

Leclercq, J. «L’attitude spirituelle de S Bernard devant la guerre,» COCR 36 (1974) 195-225. Rvw EM, Citeaux 25 (1974) 333.

#MacKienzle, B. «Cistercian Preaching against the Cathars: Helinand’s Unedited Sermon for Rogation, B.N.MS.Lat.14591,» Pairis.

#Newman, Martha G. The Boundaries of Chaity: Cistercian Culture and Ecclesiastical Reform, 1098-1180. Stanford, Stanford UP, 1996.  Ch 7, “With the Power of Your Right Hand: Princes and Knights,” 171-190; Ch 9, “Bulwarks Against the Savage Beasts: The Threat of Heresy,” 219-234.

#O'Callaghan, Joseph. "The Order of Calatrava and the Archbishop of Toledo," SMCH I, 63-87.

#Renna, Thomas, "Early Cistercian Attitudes Toward War in Historical Perspective," Cîteaux 31 (1980) 119-129. Rvw J M de Marneffe, CSQ 23 (1988) [177], also CSQ 20 (1985) [760-61] (?!)

Rousset, P "Saint Bernard et l'idéal chevaleresque," Nova et Vetera (Fribourg) 45 (1970) 28-35. Rvw C.D., CSQ 7 (1972) [285-6].

#Sr Isabel Mary SLG. "The Knights of God: Citeaux and the Quest of the Holy Grail" in The Influence of Saint Bernard: Anglican Essays ed. Sr Benedicta Ward (Fairacres, Oxford, SLG Press, 1976), 53-88.  More on the Holy Grail than on Citeaux.

#Seward, Desmond. The Monks of War: The Military Religious Orders. London, Penguin Books, rev ed 1995 (original ed 1972; author became a Knight of Malta between the 2 eds).

#Spence, Richard. "Gunther of Pairis and the Men of God," SMCH III, 262-279.  Gunther, a Cistercian, wrote a history of the 4th Crusade.

#Williams, David H. Chapter 7, «The Troubled Background» in The Cistercians in the Early Middle Ages (Trowbridge, Wiltshire, Cromwell Press, 1998) esp pp 153-167.