History of the Order

 

by Sister Kathleen O'Neill
Mississippi Abbey, Dubuque, Iowa, USA

 

V. Early Christian Monasticism: the Latin West, 4th - 8th Centuries

Primary Sources

#Handmaids of the Lord: Contemporary Descriptions of Feminine Asceticism in the First Six Christian Centuries, trans, ed, & notes, Joan M Petersen. CS-143, 1996. Rvw COCR 58 (1996) [50-51]

#Early Monastic Rules: The Rules of the Fathers and the Regula Orientalis, trans C V Franklin, I Havener OSB, & J A Francis OSB.  In Latin and English.  Collegeville, Liturgical Press, 1982. Rvw Brian Kerns, CSQ 18 (1983) [579-80]. Brief rvw COCR 45 (1983) [235].

#Règles monastiques d’occident, IV - VI siècle: D’Augustin à Ferréol. FT & notes, V Desprez OSB; preface A Vogüé OSB. Vie Monastique n 9. Abbaye de Bellefontaine, 1980. Includes: R Aug; Rule of the 4 Fathers & Second Rule of the Fathers; Regula Orientalis; Rule of Macarius & Third Rule of the Fathers; Cesarius of Arles, Rule for Virgins & Rule for Monks; Aurelian of Arles, Rule for Monks and Rule for Virgins; Rule of the Monastery of Tarnant; Rule of St Ferreol; Rule of Paul & Stephen.

#The Rule of the Four Fathers and the Second Rule of the Fathers. ET a monk of Mt Savior, rev & annot A de V. MS 12 (1976) 249-63. Rvw CSQ 18 (1983) [580-81].

#Regula Pauli et Stephani, critical ed & commentary (in Catalan), Dom J Evangelista M Vilanova. Abadia de Montserrat, 1959.

Regula Orientalis, tr Nathan Munsch OSB, Monastic Studies 13 (1982) 17-37. Brf rvw COCR 45 (1983) [235].

#Clément, J-M, OSB. Lexique des anciennes régles monastiques occidentales. 2 Vols. (1: A-M; 2: N-Z). Steenbrugen, Martinus Nijhoff, 1978.  Index of Latin terms and which where they occur in which western Rules.

Potthast, A. Repertorium fontium historiae Medii Aevi. Istituto storico italiano per il Medio Evo, Rome, 1967. Evidently a classic.

Secondary Sources

see CSQ            2 (1967) [40]

7 (1972) [242-4; 249]

8 (1973) [75-77; 81-83]

 

see COCR       30.2 (1968) [172-175]

57 (1995) [556-567]

58 (1996) [72-76; 82-4; 93-5]

60.2 (1998) [329]

 

fiche 6

? "Las Reglas monasticàs latinas del siglo VI y la 'lectio divina'," SM 9 (1967), 229-255. Rev. EM, CSQ 6 (1971) [76]

Biarne, Jacques. "La vie quotidienne des moines en Occident du IVe au VIe siècle," COCR 49 (1987) 3-19.

Cameron, Averil, Procopius and the sixth Century, Berkeley, U of Cal Press, before 1987.

#Dawson, Christopher, "The Monks of the West and the Formation of the Western Tradition," in Religion and the Rise of Western Culture (Garden City NY, Doubleday, 1958), 44-66.  Summarizes Western monasticism through the Carolingian period.

#Desprez, Vincent OSB. «The Origins of Western Monasticism,» ABR 41:1 (March 1990) 99-112. Part I, deals with Italy & Gaul.

#Desprez, V. «The Origins of Western Monasticism II: Africa and Spain,» ABR 41:2 (June 1990) 167-191.

Fischer, H.** Die Geburt der Westlichen Zivilisation aus dem Geist des romanischen Mönchtums, Kösel Verlag, Munich 1969.  Rvw EM, CSQ 6 (1971) [77].

#Forman, Mary OSB & Thomas Sullivan OSB. «The Latin Cenobitic Rules: AD 400-700: Editions and Translations,» ABR 48:1 (1997) 52-68. Brf rvw COCR 60.3 [343].

Gindele, C. OSB. "Die Frühgeschichte Klösterlichen Krankendienstes," Studien und Mitteilungen zur Geschichte des Benediktiner Ordens und seiner Zweige 84 (1973) 451-8.  Rvw MS, CSQ 11 (1976) [268].

Laurence, P. “Les moniales de l’aristocratie: Grandeur et humilité,” Vigiliae Christianae 51 (1997) 140-157. Rvw COCR 61 (1999/2) [447-8].

#Leclercq, Jean, "Monasticism and Asceticism: Western Christianity"  in Christian Spirituality. Vol I: Origins to the Twelfth Century. Volume 16 of World Spirituality: An Encyclopedic History of the Religious Quest, ed Bernard McGinn,  John Meyendorff, and Jean Leclercq (New York, Crossroad, 1986), 113-131. An overview of the 4th-11th centuries.

Lorenz, R. "Die Anfänge des abendländischen Mönchtums im 4. Jahrhundert," Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte 77 (1966), 1-61. Rev COCR 30.2 (1968) [175-6].

Lutterbach, H. Monachus factus est: Die Mönchwerdung im fròhen Mittelalter. Münster, Verlag Aschendorff, 1995. Rvw COCR 60.3 (1998) [343-4].

Lutterbach, H. “Die Klosterbusse am Übergang von der Spätantike zum Frühmittelalter,” Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte 106 (1995) 56-69. Rvw COCR 60.3 (1998) [345].

#Montalembert, Count de, The Monks of the West, 2 vols. New York, P J Kenedy & Sons, 1912.

Penco, Gregorio. "Il monachesimo nel passaggio dal mondo antico a quello medioevale," Benedictina 28 (1981) 49-64. Brief rvw B Simon, COCR 47 (1985) [518].

Prinz, F. Askese und Kultur: vor- und frühbenediktinisches Mönchtums an der Wiege Europas. Munich, 1980.

#Prinz, Friedrich. "Das westliche Mönchtum zur Zeit Gregors des Grossen" in Grégoire le grand. Colloques Internationaux de Centre National de la recherche scientifique, Chantilly, 15-19 septembre 1982 (Paris, Éditions du centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1986) 123-137.

Quacquarelli, Antonio. "L'influenza del monachismo femminile nell'età patristica" in Vetera Christianorum 20 (1983) 9-23. Rvw COCR 47 (1985) [494].

#Riche, Pierre. Education and Culture in the Barbarian West, Sixth through Eighth Centuries

#Rousseau, Philip. Ascetics, Authority, and the Church In the Age of Jerome and Cassian. Oxford, Oxford U Press, 1987.

#Salmon, Pierre OSB, "Before the Great Latin Rules" and "The Age of the Barbarian Kingdoms" in The Abbot in Monastic Tradition, trans Claire Lavoie (CS-14, 1972), pp 3-33.

#Schulenberg, Jane Tibbets, "Women's Monastic Communities, 500-1100: Patterns of Expansion and Decline," Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 14 (1989), 261-292.

#Schulenberg, Jane Tibbets, "Strict Active Enclosure and its Effects on the Female Monastic Experience (500-1100)”, in Distant Echoes: Medieval Religious Women, Vol. I, ed John A Nichols & Lillian Thomas Shank; CS-71, 1984, 51-86.

Sullivan, R E. “Some Influences of Monasticism on Fourth and Fifth Century Society” in Studies in Medieval Culture II (Western Michigan U, 1966) 19-34. Rvw COCR 30.3 [159].

(#)de  Vogüé, Adalbert. "La lecture quotidienne dans les monastères (300-700)," COCR 51 (1989) 241-51. #ET «Daily Readings in Monasteries (300-700),» CSQ 26 (1991) 286-94. Material on both East & West, esp W.

de Vogüé, Adalbert. Histoire littéraire du mouvement monastique dans l'antiquité.  Première partie: Le monachisme latin. De la morte d'Antoine à le fin du séjour de Jérôme à Rome.  Paris, Cerf, 1991.  Rvw J.B. Hasbrouck,  CSQ 27 (1992) [38-41]. Rvw COCR 59 (1997)[199-200].

de Vogüé, Adalbert. "The Regula Orientalis in the context of the Rules of the Fathers of Lerins," Monastic Studies 13 (1982) 39-45.

#de Vogüé, Adalbert. "The Cenobitic Rules of the West," CSQ 12 (1977) 175-83.

de Vogüé, Adalbert. Il monachesimo prima di San Benedetto. Seregno, Abbazia san Benedetto, 1998. (Orizzonti monastici 18). Rvw COCR 61.2 (1999) [476-7].

de Vogüé, Adalbert. Le monachisme en Occident avant saint Benoît. Abbaye de Bellefontaine, 1998. Brf rvw COCR 61.2 (1999) [477]. French ed of above.

 

V.a. Eastern roots

#Gordini, G D. «Il monachesimo romano in Palestina nel IV secolo,» Saint Martin et son temps: Mémorial du XVIe centenaire des débuts du monachisme en Gaul: 361-1961. Studia Anselmiana #46. Rome, San Anselmo/Herder, 1961, 85-108.

 

 

V.b. North Africa

Secondary Sources

#Colombas, Garcia M, OSB. El Monacato Primitivo: Hombres, hechos, costumbres, instituciones. 2 vols. Madrid, Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1974. Vol 1, ch 9.

#Desprez, V. «The Origins of Western Monasticism II: Africa and Spain,» ABR 41:2 (June 1990) 167-191.

#Folliet, G. «Aux origines de l’ascéticisme et du cénobitisme africain,» Saint Martin et son temps: Mémorial du XVIe centenaire des débuts du monachisme en Gaul: 361-1961. Studia Anselmiana #46. Rome, San Anselmo/Herder, 1961, 25-44.

 

 

V.c. Italy

Primary Sources

#Monks, Bishops and Pagans: Christian Culture in Gaul and Italy, 500-700, ed. & intro, Edward Peters. In Sources in Traslation, gen.ed. William C McDermott. Philadelphia, U of Penn Press, 1949. A collection of excerpts from primary sources.

Secondary sources

See COCR            30.3 (1968) [192]

#Abrahamse, Dorothy de F, "Byzantine asceticism and Women's Monasteries in Early Medieval Italy" in Distant Echoes: Medieval Religious Women, Vol. I, ed John A Nichols & Lillian Thomas Shank; CS-71, 1984, pp 31-50.

#Boo, M R, OSB & J M Braun, OSB. «Emerging from the Shadows: St Scholastica»  in Medieval Women Monastics: Wisdom’s Wellsprings, ed M Schmitt & L Kulzer (Collegeville, Liturgical Press, 1996), 1-11.

#Colombas, Garcia M, OSB. El Monacato Primitivo: Hombres, hechos, costumbres, instituciones. 2 vols. Madrid, Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1974. Vol 1, ch 7.

#Desprez, Vincent OSB. «The Origins of Western Monasticism,» ABR 41:1 (March 1990) 99-112. Part I, deals with Italy & Gaul.

#Duckett, Eleanor Shipley, The Gateway to the Middle Ages: Monasticism. Ann Arbor, U of Michigan Press, 1961.  Chapter I, "Roman Monasticism", pp 1-61.

#Dunn, Marilyn. “The Rule of St Benedict and its Italian Setting,” The Emergence of Monasticism: From the Desert Fathers to the Early Middle Ages (Oxford, Blackwell, 2000) 111-137. 

#Penco, G. «La vita monastica in Italia all’epoca di S. Martino di Tours,» Saint Martin et son temps: Mémorial du XVIe centenaire des débuts du monachisme en Gaul: 361-1961. Studia Anselmiana #46. Rome, San Anselmo/Herder, 1961, 67-83.

Penco, G., OSB "Il monachesimo in Umbria dalle origini al sec. VII incluse," in Ricerche sull'Umbria tardoantica e preromanica, Perugia, 1965, pp.257-76. Rev. E.M., CSQ 2 (1967) [38-9].

Penco, G, OSB Storia del monachismo in Italia: Dalle origini alla fine del Medioevo. 2nd ed. Milan, Jaca Book, 1983, 540 pp. Rvw COCR 47 (1985) [484-5].  Evidently a classic.

#Penco, G. “Conditions and Currents in sixth-Century Italian Monasticism,” ABR 50.2 (1999) 161-175.

#Peifer, Claude. “The Origins of Benedictine Monasticism: State of the Question,” ABR 51:3 (Sept 2000) 293-315. Excellent

#de Vogüé, Adalbert. "Faith and the World in the Time of Saint Benedict" CSQ 13 (1978), 91-100. [We also have a reprint of this article]

 

 

The Master

Works

(#)Regula Magistri, crit ed & French tr Adalbert de Vogüé, SC 105 & 106, Paris, Cerf, 1964. Rvw COCR 30.2 (1968) [185-6]. #ET The Rule of the Master, tr Luke Eberle OSB, intro Adalbert de Vogüé, CS-6, 1977.

Secondary Sources

See COCR            30.2 (1968) [187]

 

 

V.d. Gaul

Primary Sources

Les Règles des Saints Pères. Paris, Cerf. Rvw vol 1&2 COCR 45 (1983) [234-5].

 Vol I: Trois Règles de Lérins au Ve siècle. Intro, text, FT, & notes, A d Vogüé. SC-297,1982. Rvw CSQ 18 (1983) [578-9].

Vol II: Trois Règles du Ve siècle incorporant des textes lériniens. SC-298, 1982

(#)Vies des pères du Jura. Latin text, FT, François Martine. SC-142. Paris, Cerf, 1988.

#ET The Lives of the Jura Fathers. Tr T Vivian, K Vivian, J B Russell. CS-178, 1999. Excellent, lengthy intro.

#The Life of Saint Radegunde in Handmaids of the Lord: Contemporary Descriptions of Feminine Asceticism in the First Six Christian Centuries, trans, ed, & notes, Joan M Petersen. CS-143, 1996. Book One, by Venantius Fortunatus, pp 381-400; Book Two, by the nun Baudonivia, pp 401-428

(#)Constance de Lyon, Vie de saint Germain d'Auxerre, critical Latin text, trans. etc. R. Borus, SC-112.  Paris, Cerf, 1965. Rev. C.D., CSQ 2 (1967) [34].

#ET in The Western Fathers, ed & tr F R Hoare (New York, Sheed & Ward, 1954; Harper & Row, 1965).

Eucherius of Lyon. De laude eremi. Crit.ed., apparatus, indices S. Pricoco. Catania, Scuola Salesiana del libro, 1965. Brf rvw COCR 30.2 (1968) [183-4].

#Gregory of Tours, "The Death and Funeral of Radegunde" from the Liber historiarum, in Handmaids of the Lord: Contemporary Descriptions of Feminine Asceticism in the First Six Christian Centuries, trans, ed, & notes, Joan M Petersen. CS-143, 1996, pp 429-431.

#Gregory of Tours, Vita Patrum: The Life of the Fathers.  Trans from Latin & French by Fr Seraphim Rose & Paul Bartlett; ed & intro, Fr Seraphim Rose.  Platina CA, St Herman of Alaska Brotherhood, 1988. Contains extensive introductory material, mainly of spiritual nature; also, a Life of Gregory by "Abbot Odo". Rvw CSQ 32.1 (1997) 131-2.

#Hilary of Arles, Vita Honorati. Intro, crit text, FT & notes M-D Valentin OP. SC-235. Paris, Cerf, 1977.

(#)Hilary, "A Sermon on the Life of St Honoratus"

#ET in Early Christian Biographies, FC-15 (Washington DC, 1952), 361-394.

#ET in The Western Fathers, ed & tr F R Hoare (New York, Sheed & Ward, 1954; Harper & Row, 1965)

#Monks, Bishops and Pagans: Christian Culture in Gaul and Italy, 500-700, ed. & intro, Edward Peters. In Sources in Traslation, gen.ed. William C McDermott. Philadelphia, U of Penn Press, 1949. A collection of excerpts from primary sources.

#Règles monastiques d’occident, IV - VI siècle: D’Augustin à Ferréol. FT & notes, V Desprez OSB; preface A Vogüé OSB. Vie Monastique n 9. Abbaye de Bellefontaine, 1980. Includes Cesarius & Aurelius’s rules for monks and for nuns, the Rule of the monastery of Tarnant, & the Rule of Ferreol

#Vincent of Lerins. Commonotory. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, 2nd Series. Vol XI (Grand Rapids, Wm B Eerdmans, reprinted 1973) pp 127-159. Intro, ET & notes, C A Heurtley.

Secondary Sources

fiche 8, "Merovingian Monasticism - St Columbanus"

Amargier, Paul. "Salvien de Marseille," COCR 49 (1987) 63-76. [founded St Victor, 415].

Bertrand, D. M-J Delage, P-A Février, J Guyon, A de  Vogüé. Césaire d’Arles et la christianisation de la Provence. Actes des journées «Césaire» (Aix-en-Provnece - Arles - Lérins, 3-5 Nov 1988, 22 avril 1989). Paris, Cerf, 1994. Rvw COCR 57 (1995) [566-7].

#Chadwick, Nora K. Poetry and Letters in Early Christian Gaul. London, Bowes & Bowes, 1955.

#Colombas, Garcia M, OSB. El Monacato Primitivo: Hombres, hechos, costumbres, instituciones. 2 vols. Madrid, Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1974. Vol 1, ch 8.

Clarke, H.B. and Mary Brennan, edd.  Columbanus and Merovingian Monasticism. BAR International Series 113.  Oxford, B.A.R., 1981.  Rvw Ghislain, Gabriel.  CSQ XX (1985) [753-754].

Courcelle, P. "Nouveaux aspects de la culture lérinienne," RevEt.lat 46 (1968) 379-409.  Rvw N.G.,CSQ VII (1972) [206].

#Courtois, Christian. «L’Évolution du monachisme en Gaule de St Martin à St Colomban,» unknown source, pp 47-72. Copy in folder of «Cassian Articles».

#Desprez, Vincent OSB. «The Origins of Western Monasticism,» ABR 41:1 (March 1990) 99-112. Part I, deals with Italy & Gaul.

#Dunn, Marilyn. “The Evolution of Monasticism in the West,” The Emergence of Monasticism: From the Desert Fathers to the Early Middle Ages (Oxford, Blackwell, 2000) 82-110.  This chapter is essentially on Gaul. Balanced, but totally disengaged.

#Fontaine, J. «L’ascéticisme chrétien dans la littérature gallo-romaine d’Hilaire à Cassien,» La Gallia Romana. Rome, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, 1973.  Acts of Colloquium.

Griffe, E. "Moines et Monastères," La Gaule chrétienne à l'époque romaine, t.III, La cité chrétienne. Paris, 1965, pp. 299-352. Rvw NG, CSQ 2 (1967) [33].

Heuclin, J. Aux origines monastiques de la Gaule du Nord. Ermite et reclus du Ve au XIe siècles. Lille, Presses Universitaires, 1988. Rvw CSQ 26 (1991) [522].

Kasper, Clemens M. «Theologie und Askese. Die Spiritualität des Inselmönchtums von Lérins im 5. Jahrhundert,» [no further data].

#King, Peter. Western Monasticism: A History of the Monastic Movement in the Latin Church. (CS-185, 1999), ch 3, “Gaul, Spain, Ireland,” 59-82.

#Luff, S G. «A Survey of Primitive Monasticism in Central Gaul (c. 350 to 700),» Downside Review 220 (Spring 1952) 180-203). We have copy in folder of «Cassian Articles».

#Metz, R. «Les vierges chrétiennes en Gaule au IVe siècle,» Saint Martin et son temps: Mémorial du XVIe centenaire des débuts du monachisme en Gaul: 361-1961. Studia Anselmiana #46. Rome, San Anselmo/Herder, 1961, 109-132.

#Mohler, James A, SJ. The Heresy of Monasticism: The Christian Monks: Types and Anti-types. New York, Alba House, 1971, Chapter VII, pp 141-166.

(#)O’Sullivan, Jeremiah F. «Early Monasticism in Gaul,» ABR ? 32-46. On Martin & Marmoutiers, & Lerins. Copy in folder of Cassian Articles.

#Peifer, Claude. “The Origins of Benedictine Monasticism: State of the Question,” ABR 51:3 (Sept 2000) 293-315. Excellent

#Pricoco, S. L’Isola dei santi: Il cenobio di Lerino e le origini del monachesimo gallico. Rome, Ed Ateneo & Bizzari, 1978.

Prinz, F. Frühes Mönchtum im Frankenreich. Kultur und Gesellschaft in Gallien, den Rheinlanden und Bayern am Beispiel der monastischen Entwicklung (4. bis 8. Jht). Munich, Oldenbourg Verlag, 1965. 634 pp. Rvw COCR 30.2 (1968) [179-80].

#A Sister of St Cecilia's Abbey, Ryde, "Venantius Fortunatus," Liturgy 9/2 (1975) 91-102.

#A Sister of St Cecilia's Abbey, Ryde, "Further Glimpses of Saint Radegunde," Liturgy 9/3 (1975) 43-50.

#de  Vogüé, Adalbert. "Caesarius of Arles and the Origin of the Enclosure of Nuns," Word and Spirit 11, 16-29.

de  Vogüé, Adalbert. «Aux origines de la vie monastique: Lérins, étape entre l’Orient et l’Occident,» Lien des contemplatives n.117 (avril 1994). 4 pp.

 

V.e. Celtic Monasticism

Primary Sources

The Book of Kells, with a study of the ms by Francoise Henry. London, Thames & Hudson, 1974. Rvw PH, CSQ 12 (1977) [329-30].

#Bamford, Christopher & William Parker Marsh, Celtic Christianity: Ecology and Holiness. Great Barrington MA, Lindisfarne Press, 1982.

#Ó Maidín, Vincent, OCSO. "The Monastic Rules of Ireland," CSQ 15 (1980) 24-38. Brief rvw GG, COCR 44 (1982) [129].

Saint Colomban II: Régles et Pénitentiels Monastiques. Ed A de Vogüé. Abbaye de Bellefontaine, 1989. Rvw CSQ 26 (1991) [519-20].

#The Celtic Monk: Rules and Writings of Early Irish Monks. Tr & annot Uinseann Ó Maidín OCR. CS-162, 1996. Includes Rules of Ailbe, Comghall, Colmcille, Ciaran. Rvw CSQ 33.4 (1998) 520-21.

Secondary Sources

see CSQ             4 (1969) [211-12]

19 (1984) [615-617]

24 (1989) [345-351]

29 (1994) [39-45]

see COCR            61.3 (1999) [505-6].

 

#Anderson, John D. «The Voyage of Brenda, an Irish Monastic Expedition to Discover the Wonders of God’s World,» ABR 43:3 (Sept 1992) 262-282.

Bieler, L. Ireland, Harbinger of the Middle Ages, tr. from the German by the author. London, Oxford UP, 1963. Rvw P.Hart, CSQ 6 (1972) [74].

#Bitel, Lisa M. Isle of the Saints: Monastic Settlement and Christian Community in Early Ireland. cornell NY, Cornell U Press, 1990. Rvw CSQ 26 (1991) [518-9]

#Bray, Dorothy Ann.  "A Note on the Life of St Brendan".  CSQ 20 (1985), 14-20.

#Cahill, Thomas. "What Was Found: How the Irish Saved Civilization"  and "The End of the World: Is There Any Hope?" in How the Irish Saved Civilization: The Untold Story of Ireland's Heroic Role from the Fall of Rome to the Rise of Medieval Europe (New York, Doubleday, 1995) , 145-196, 197-218.  Very well written; includes some excellent early monastic poetry, also a drawing of a monastic compound. Principal drawbacks: suffers from the preoccupations and prejudices of 1990's; and, tends to attribute currently popular characteristics to the Irish, at everybody else's expense.

Chadwick, N.K. The Age of the Saints in the Early Celtic Church, Oxford UP 1961, reprinted with corrections, 1963. Rvw P.Hart, CSQ 6 (1971) [75].

Clarke, H.B. and Mary Brennan, edd.  Columbanus and Merovingian Monasticism. BAR International Series 113.  Oxford, B.A.R., 1981.  Rvw Ghislain, Gabriel.  CSQ 20 (1985) [753-754].

#Colombas, Garcia M, OSB. El Monacato Primitivo: Hombres, hechos, costumbres, instituciones. 2 vols. Madrid, Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1974. Vol 1, ch 9.

#Dawson, Christopher. “The Monks of the West and the Formation of the Western Tratition” in Religion and the Rise of Western Culture: Gifford Lectures 1948-1949. (New York, Image Books, 1958) 44-66.

#Duckett, Eleanor Shapley. The Gateway to the Middle Ages: MONASTICISM. Ann Arbor MI, U of Michigan Press, 1961. Ch II, "Celtic Monasticism", pp 62-121.

#Dunn, Marilyn. “Britain and Ireland,” and “Irish peregrini and European Monasticism,” The Emergence of Monasticism: From the Desert Fathers to the Early Middle Ages (Oxford, Blackwell, 2000) 138-190.

#Gougaud, Dom Louis. Christianity in Celtic Lands. Tr from author’s ms by Maud Joynt. London, Sheed & Ward, 1932. A gold mine. Has chapters on Brittany, liturgy, arts.

#Gougaud, L. “Celtes (Spiritualité des Chrétientés celtiques), DS-2, 400-403.

#Hart, Patrick.  "Eremitism in the Celtic Church", CSQ 3 (1968), 124-136.

#Hart, Patrick "Irish Monastic Art and Poetry", CSQ 2 (1967), 150-165.

#Hughes, Kathleen. “Sanctity and Secularity in the Early Irish Church” in Studies in Church History Vol 10: Sanctity and Secularity: The Church and the World, ed D Baker (New York, Harper and Row, 1973) 21-37.

Kelly, JF. "The Decline of Irish Monasticism in the Face of Benedictinism in the Early Middle Ages," ABR 31 (1980) 70-87.  Rvw CD, COCR 44 (1982) [128-9].

#Kelly, JFT. «The Escape of St Patrick from Irelend,» Studia Patristica XVIII, Vol 1. Kalamazoo MI, Cistercian Publications, 1983.

# King, Peter. Western Monasticism: A History of the Monastic Movement in the Latin Church. (CS-185, 1999), ch 3, “Gaul, Spain, Ireland,” 59-82.

#Leclercq, J. "The Religious Universe of St Columban" in Aspects of Monasticism, trans Mary Dodd, CS-7, 1978, pp187-205.

Lehane, B. The Quest of Three Abbots. Pioneers of Ireland's Golden Age. London, John Murray,1968. Rvw E.M., CSQ 6 (1971) [73-4].

Loyer, O. Les chrétientés celtiques.  Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1965. Rvw. L.M., CSQ 3 (1968) [119-20].

Maufferet, Y. Gildas de Rhuys, moine celtique. (Figures d'hier et d'aujourd'hui). Paris, Beauchesne, 1972.  128 pp.  Brief rvw, CSQ 10 (1975) [182].

#Mohler, James A, SJ. The Heresy of Monasticism: The Christian Monks: Types and Anti-types. New York, Alba House, 1971, Chapter VIII, pp 167-196

#O'Dwyer, Peter, O.Carm.  "A fresh look at Versiculi Familiae Benchuir".  CSQ 16 (1981) 98-110.  On a poem in the Antiphonary of Bangor, MS ca. 680-691.

#O'Dwyer, Peter  "Celtic Christianity:  A Review Article". CSQ 20 (1985), 249-261.  Reviewing an issue of Monastic Studies (#14, Advent 1983), devoted largely to this topic.

O’Laoghaire, Diarmuid, SJ. “Old Ireland and Her Spirituality” in Old Ireland (ed. R McNally), Dublin, 1965. Rvw COCR 30.3 (1968) [192-3].

#Ó Maidín, Vincent. "Irish Hymnology," Liturgy 6/3 (1972) 47-60. ETs of Irish hymn texts, mainly early medieval, & notes & intro.

#O Sabhaois, Ciaran. "Community in the Early Irish Church". CSQ 10 (1975), 60-68.

#Riché, Pierre, "Spirituality in Celtic and Germanic Society"  in Christian Spirituality. Vol I: Origins to the Twelfth Century. Volume 16 of World Spirituality: An Encyclopedic History of the Religious Quest, ed Bernard McGinn,  John Meyendorff, and Jean Leclercq (New York, Crossroad, 1986) 163-176, esp pp 163-171.

#Ryan, J., SJ. Irish Monasticism: Origins and Early Development. New intro & bibliog. Shannon, Irish UP, 1972. Rvw Eoin de Bhaldrauthe, CSQ 11 (1976) [268].

#Sellner, Edward. "A Common Dwelling: Soul Friendship in Early Celtic Monasticism," CSQ 29 (1994) 1-22.

#Sellner, E. "Songs of Praise: Early Celtic Hagiographies and Their Spirituality," CSQ 31 (1996) 153-180.

Silke, John J. «Two Abbots,» Letterkenny: Diocese of Raphoe, 1997. *Rvw PC, Hallel 23 (1998) 72-3.

Werckmeister. Irisch-northumbrische Buchmalerie des 8. Jahrhunderts und monastische Spiritualität, Berlin, Walter de Gruyter, 1967.  Rvw E.M., CSQ 7 (1972) [249].

 

V.e. England

Primary Sources

#Albertson, Clinton SJ. Anglo-Saxon Saints and Heroes. New York, Fordham U Press, 1967. Contains translations of the Lives of: St Cuthbert; St Wilfrid; St Guthlac; The Abbots; Ceolfrith; St Willibrord; St Boniface.

Secondary Sources

Blair, Peter Hunter. The World of Bede. Cambridge and New York, Cambridge UP, 1990. Rvw BPMcG, CSQ 31 (1996) 511-13.

#Deanesly, Margaret. Augustine of Canterbury. Stanford, Stanford UP, 1964. Has good material on monasticism in Italy and England.

#Dunn, Marilyn. “Britain and Ireland,” The Emergence of Monasticism: From the Desert Fathers to the Early Middle Ages (Oxford, Blackwell, 2000) 138-157.

Fleming, J. "The Dream of the Rood and Anglo Saxon Monasticism," Traditio 22 (1966), 43-72.  Rev. L.M., CSQ 3 (1968) [120].

#Hyland, William Patrick. "Missionary Nuns and the Monastic Vocation in Anglo-Saxon England," ABR 47.2 (1996) 141-174.

Olsen, Glenn W. "St Boniface and the vita apostolica," ABR 31 (1980) 6-19. Rev GG, COCR 44 (1982) [130-31].

#Peifer, Claude. “The Origins of Benedictine Monasticism: State of the Question,” ABR 51:3 (Sept 2000) 293-315. Excellent

Reese, Daniel, ed. Monks of England: The Benedictines in England from Augustine to the Present Day. London, SPCK, 1997. Rvw CSQ 34.4 (1999) 541-2.

Schrader, RJ. "Caedmon and the Monks, the Beowulf-Poet and Literary Continuity in the Early Middle Ages," ABR 31 (1980) 39-69. Rvw CD, COCR 44 (1982) [130].

Werckmeister. Irisch-northumbrische Buchmalerie des 8. Jahrhunderts und monastische Spiritualität, Berlin, Walter de Gruyter, 1967.  Rvw EM, CSQ 7 (1972) [249].

 

V.f.  Iberia

Primary Sources

#San Leandro, San Isidoro, San Fructuoso: Reglas monásticas de la España visigoda; Los tres libros de las ‘Sentencias’.  Intro, text, SpT & notes, J Campos Ruiz & I Roca Melia. Madrid, Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1971. Includes Latin text & Spanish translation of: Rule of St Leander; Rule of St Isidore; Rule of St Fructuoso; Common Rule; the Three Books of ‘Sentences’.

Secondary Sources

Arias, M. "Los monasterios de Benedictinos de Galicia," SM 8 (1966), 35-69. Brief rvw. L.M., CSQ 3 (1968) [127].

Cocheril, M. OCSO. Études sur le monachisme en Espagne et au Portugal (Collection (portugoise).  Paris, Éd. Les Belles Lettres, 1966. Rvw EM*, CSQ 3 (1968) [118-9].

#Desprez, V. «The Origins of Western Monasticism II: Africa and Spain,» ABR 41:2 (June 1990) 167-191.

#Diaz y Diaz, M C, "La vie monastique d'après les écrivains wisigothiques," TVM, 371-384.

#Fontaine, Jacques. "La vocation monastique selon saint Isidore de Séville," TVM, 353-370.

# King, Peter. Western Monasticism: A History of the Monastic Movement in the Latin Church. (CS-185, 1999), ch 3, “Gaul, Spain, Ireland,” 59-82.

#Perez de Urbel, J. «Le monachisme en Espagne au temps de saint Martin,» Saint Martin et son temps: Mémorial du XVIe centenaire des débuts du monachisme en Gaule: 361-1961. Studia Anselmiana #46. Rome, San Anselmo/Herder, 1961, 45-65.

Martinez, G. "Los Monasterios de monjas en Galicia," Yermo 4 (1966) 51-78 (on nuns!). Rvw. LM, CSQ 3 (1968) [119].

 

V.g. Germanic Lands

Secondary Sources

Berger, Jutta Maria. «Gastfreundschaft im Kloster St Gallen im 9. Und 10. Jahrhundert,» Studien und Mitteilungen zur Geschichte der Benediktinerordens und seine Zweige 104 (1993) 41-124 & 225-314. Long rvw COCR 57 (1995) [565-6].

#Harmeling, Deborah OSB. «Tetta, ‘Noble in Conduct,’ and Thecla, ‘Shining Like a Light in a Dark Place»  in Medieval Women Monastics: Wisdom’s Wellsprings, ed M Schmitt & L Kulzer (Collegeville, Liturgical Press, 1996), 99-114.

#Kulzer, L. OSB. «Erentrude: Nonnberg, Eichstätt, America» in Medieval Women Monastics: Wisdom’s Wellsprings, ed M Schmitt & L Kulzer (Collegeville, Liturgical Press, 1996), 49-61.